Thursday, April 9, 2020

Optical fiber is a transmission line

Optical fiber  is a transmission line   or a type of cable made of  glass  or  plastic  that is very fine and smaller than a strand of hair, and can be used to transmit light signals   from one place to another. The light source used is usually a  laser  or  LED . This cable has a diameter of approximately 120 micrometers. The light in  the  optical fiber does not come out because the refractive index of the glass is greater than the refractive index of the air, because the laser has a very narrow spectrum. The optical fiber transmission speed is very high so it is very good to be used as a communication channel.

Current developments in optical fiber technology have been able to produce attenuation of less than 20 decibels (dB) / km. With a wide bandwidth (bandwidth) so that the ability to transmit data becomes more and faster compared to the use of conventional cables. Thus the optical fiber is very suitable for use, especially in telecommunications systems applications  . In principle, optical fiber reflects and refracts the amount of light that travels inside it.

The efficiency of optical fibers is determined by the purity of the building blocks of glass / glass. The purer the glass, the less light is absorbed by optical fibers.
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Optical fiber communication depends on the principle of light on a glass medium, can carry more information and longer distances than the electrical signals carried by copper or coaxial media. The purity of glass fibers combined with an advanced electronic system enables fibers to transmit digital light signals over 100 km without amplifiers. Optical fiber is an ideal transmission medium with little transmission loss, low interference and high bandwidth potential.

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